How is it performed?

• An hour before the procedure, the patient is given an enema to empty their bowels or they might be recommended a laxative the night before.
• The patient lies on their left side with their knees drawn up to their chest.
• The doctor gently places a gloved and lubricated finger into the patient’s rectum to check for blockage and gently enlarges (dilates) the anus. This is called a digital rectal exam.
• Next, a cleaned sigmoidoscope is placed through the anus. The scope is a flexible tube with a camera at its end.
•  The scope is gently moved into the colon. Air is inserted into the colon to enlarge the area and help the doctor view the area better.
• Often, the images are seen in high definition on a video monitor.
• The doctor may take tissue samples with a tiny biopsy tool or a thin metal snare inserted through the scope. Heat may be used to remove polyps.
• Sigmoidoscopy using a rigid scope may be done to treat problems of the anus or rectum.