About the Health Information

• Learn how to prevent and manage diabetic neuropathy with these 5 key strategies: Blood sugar control, lifestyle changes, foot care, regular check-ups, and pain management. Protect your nerves and improve your quality of life by controlling diabetes mellitus.

• Diabetic neuropathy is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the nervous system. It occurs when high blood sugar levels damage nerves throughout the body, most commonly in the legs and feet. This condition can affect up to 50% of people with diabetes, causing symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe pain and disability.

Types of Diabetic Neuropathy

• There are four main types of diabetic neuropathy, each affecting different parts of the nervous system.

Peripheral Neuropathy

• The most common form of peripheral neuropathy primarily affects the feet and leg, followed by hands and arms. Symptoms often worsen at night and may include:

  • Numbness or reduced sensation
  • Tingling or burning sensations
  • Sharp pains or cramps
  • Muscle weakness
  • Extreme sensitivity to touch
  • Foot problems such as ulcers and infections

Autonomic Neuropathy

• This type impacts the autonomic nervous system, which controls various involuntary body functions. Symptoms may include:

  • Hypoglycemia unawareness
  • Orthostatic hypotension (dizziness upon standing)
  • Digestive issues, including gastroparesis
  • Bladder problems
  • Vision changes
  • Sweating abnormalities
  • Sexual dysfunction

Proximal Neuropathy

• Proximal Neuropathy, also known as diabetic polyradiculopathy. This type affects nerves in the hips, buttocks, thighs, and sometimes the chest or abdomen. Symptoms often occur on one side of the body and may include:

  • Severe pain in affected areas
  • Muscle weakness and atrophy
  • Difficulty rising from a seated position

Mononeuropathy

• This form involves damage to a single, specific nerve and can cause:

  • Vision problems, including double vision
  • Facial paralysis on one side
  • Hand or finger numbness
  • Foot drop
  • Localized pain

When to Seek Medical Attention

• It’s crucial to consult your healthcare provider if you experience:

  • Non-healing foot wounds or infections
  • Persistent burning, tingling, or pain in extremities
  • Changes in digestion, urination, or sexual function
  • Frequent dizziness or fainting

Preventing and Managing Diabetic Neuropathy

• Diabetic Neuropathy can be serious, but there are effective strategies to prevent or slow its progression.

Blood Sugar Management

• Consistently controlling your blood glucose levels is the most effective way to prevent or delay nerve damage. Consult with your physician to establish a management plan that includes regular monitoring, medication, and lifestyle adjustments.

Healthy Lifestyle Choices

• • Maintain a balanced diet rich in nutrients
  • Exercise regularly, as approved by your doctor
  • Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption
  • Manage stress through relaxation techniques or counseling

Foot Care

• • Inspect your feet daily for cuts, blisters, or sores
  • Wear comfortable, well-fitting shoes
  • Keep feet clean and moisturized, but dry between the toes
  • Trim toenails carefully or seek professional care.

Regular Check-ups

• Schedule regular visits with your physician and a podiatrist to monitor your condition and catch any issues early.

Pain Management

• If you experience pain from neuropathy, discuss treatment options with your physician. These may include:

  • Prescription medications for nerve pain
  • Topical treatments
  • Alternative therapies like acupuncture or transcutaneous electrical nerve
    stimulation (TENS)

• While diabetic neuropathy can be challenging, many people lead fulfilling lives with proper management and medication. Stay informed about your condition, follow your treatment plan diligently, and maintain open communication with your physician.

• Remember, early detection and consistent care are key to managing diabetic neuropathy effectively. By taking proactive steps to control your diabetes and protect your nerves, you can significantly improve your quality of life and reduce the risk of complications.

• If you have concerns about diabetes mellitus neuropathy or are experiencing symptoms, don’t hesitate to reach out to our Internal Medicine Specialists at MGM Healthcare.

• Together, you can develop a complete plan to manage your diabetes and protect your nervous system for years to come.

   

  Reviewed by
  Dr Thomas George
  Senior Consultant
  Internal Medicine