What is an AMH Test? How Ovarian Reserve and Fertility Are Predicted
Tue , May 13
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Overview
Fertility is deeply personal and often accompanied by uncertainty. Understanding your reproductive potential is the first step in taking charge of your fertility. The AMH test offers one of the clearest indicators of ovarian reserve, making it a crucial step in personalized
fertility care.
Whether you are exploring IVF , egg freezing, or simply curious about your reproductive health, knowing your AMH levels provides valuable insight. Consulting a gynaecologist in Chennai can guide you on when and why this test may be recommended.
What is AMH?
Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is produced by the granulosa cells in the ovarian follicles — particularly the small, early-stage antral and pre-antral follicles. Your AMH levels provide a direct reflection of your ovarian reserve.
Unlike other reproductive hormones such as FSH or LH, AMH levels remain relatively stable throughout the menstrual cycle, making it a convenient and reliable marker for fertility assessment. An experienced gynaecology hospital can interpret these levels to help predict future fertility options.
What is an AMH Test?
By measuring the Anti-Müllerian Hormone in your bloodstream, the AMH test provides a snapshot of your reproductive potential.It is a key tool in fertility clinics for evaluating:
The approximate number of eggs remaining
How your ovaries may respond to fertility treatments like IVF
When to consider egg freezing
Diagnosing reproductive conditions such as PCOS or decreased ovarian reserve (DOR)
Discussing your results with a gynaecologist & obstetrician ensures that you receive personalized advice based on your reproductive goals.
Understanding AMH Levels
General guide for AMH levels:
AMH Level
Fertility Implications
< 0.5 ng/mL
Significantly Low Ovarian
Reserve
0.5 – 1.0 ng/mL
Reduced Ovarian Reserve
1.0 – 3.5 ng/mL
Normal to Good Ovarian Reserve
> 3.5 ng/mL
High Ovarian Reserve
Your AMH test reveals how many eggs you have remaining, but not their health or quality, an equally important factor that naturally decreases as you age.— plays a more critical role in successful pregnancy outcomes.
The Link Between Fertility and AMH
AMH levels are a predictive marker for the number of eggs, but they do not determine egg health. Women with low AMH can still achieve pregnancy, either naturally or through assisted reproductive techniques like IVF
Partnering with a gynaecologist specialist can help you understand your options, especially if your AMH levels are lower than expected.
AMH in IVF and Fertility Treatment
In IVF procedures, AMH levels guide treatment protocols:
High AMH: Women with high AMH may be more sensitive to fertility medications, increasing the risk of OHSS, and may require lower doses
Low AMH: Could indicate the need for higher doses or consideration of alternative fertility strategies, particularly for women over 38.
Clinicians often combine AMH results with other tests such as antral follicle count (AFC), FSH, and estradiol levels to create a complete fertility profile.Further details are available at the American Society for Reproductive Medicine
When Should You Consider an AMH Test?
An AMH test is particularly valuable in these situations:
Over 30 and interested in understanding your fertility timeline.
Are trying to conceive but haven’t been successful
Have irregular periods or symptoms of PCOS
Have a family history of early menopause
Are undergoing cancer treatment and wish to preserve fertility
Presence of hereditary cancer risk related to the breasts or ovaries
Thinking about freezing your eggs to delay pregnancy.
While it cannot predict pregnancy, it is a valuable tool in fertility planning when interpreted by the expert team at MGM Healthcare’s Women’s Health Center
Limitations of the AMH Test
While the AMH test is a powerful tool, it’s not without limitations:
It does not measure egg quality
It cannot guarantee natural conception
It should be interpreted in the context of your complete medical history
A thorough evaluation with a gynaecologist & obstetrician ensures that your AMH results are part of a broader, personalized fertility plan. For further reading, check Fertility and Sterility Journal
How to Support Ovarian Health
Although genetics largely determine AMH levels, adopting a healthy lifestyle can support ovarian function:
Maintain a healthy BMI
Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol intake
Reduce exposure to environmental toxins
Eat a diet rich in antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, folate, and CoQ10
Partner with a reproductive endocrinologist or a trusted gynaecologist specialist